COOKEINA TRICHOLOMA – the unique mushroom

I would say that the Cookeina tricholoma fungi is one of the most beautiful and unique mushrooms in the world.
I found these fungi in Dramaga Research Forest, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. They mostly grow on the dry and rotten fruit of a large woody tree, Hymenaea Courburil L. which comes from South America. The tree grows to a height of 10 to 25 meters or more with a diameter of 0.5 meters to 2 meters, and the fruit is on the tip of the leaf above there. However, there are also fungi that grow on weathered bark and rotten branches or on rotten leaves as is found in tropical and subtropical forests throughout the country.

A striking tree of Hymenaea courbaril L ( pic. Plants of the world online)

The fruits of Hymenaea ( Pic. UrbanForest )

Cookeina tricholoma grow on Hymenaea’s fruit

Cookeina tricholoma grow on a rotten tree bark

Cookeina tricholoma, mostly reddish-pink in color, with fine white hairs around the bowl and thickening on the rim of the bowl. I don’t know what the hair’s functions are but they look like a filter or trap for something that could get inside. In addition to these colors, there is also pale yellow and reddish-orange. Propagation by spraying the spores into the air when the mushroom bowl is ripe and in a warm environment, especially in the morning sun.

Cookeina tricholoma photography

In mushroom photography world of Indonesia, Cookeina tricholoma is currently a photo object that is very much sought after by fungi photography lovers. They are very proud to be able to photograph this mushroom.
It is not surprising that so many Mushroom photographers come from various parts of the country to make their photos. FUNGUS SYNDICATE is a Facebook group that is a forum for mushroom photographers to share beautiful photos of mushrooms from all over the country, even from various countries in the world.

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Boleh saya katakan bahwa jamur Cookeina tricholoma adalah salah satu jamur paling indah dan unik di dunia.
Saya menemukan jamur ini di Hutan Penelitian Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Mereka rata-rata tumbuh pada buah kering dan busuk dari pohon kayu besar, Hymenaea Courburil L yang berasal dari Amerka Selatan. Pohon tersebut tumbuh mencapai ketinggian antara 10 sampai dengan 25 meter atau lebih dengan diameter 0,5 meter sampai dengan 2 meter, dan buahnya terdapat diujung pucuk daunnya diatas sana. Namun demikian Jamur ini ada juga yang tumbuh pada bagian kulit kayu yang sudah lapuk dan ranting2 lapuk atau pada daun lapuk seperti halnya yang ditemukan di hutan2 tropis diseluruh negeri.

Jamur Cookeina tricholoma, sebagian besar berwarna pink kemerahan, dengan bulu-bulu halus berwarna putih disekeliling mangkuknya dan lebih rapat pada bibir mangkuknya. Saya tidak tahu fungsi bulu-bulu ini tetapi kelihatannya seperti filter atau perangkap bagi sesuatu yang bisa masuk kedalamnya. Selain warna tersebut ada juga yang berwarna kuning pucat dan orange kemerahan. Perkembang biakannya dengan spora yang disemprotkan keudara pada saat mangkuk jamurnya sudah matang dan dalam keadaan lingkungan hangat, terutama pada saat terkena sinar matahari pagi.

Dalam dunia fotografi jamur di Indonesia, saat ini Cookeina tricholoma menjadi objek foto yang sangat diburu para pecintanya. Mereka sangat bangga bila dapat memotret jamur ini.
Tak mengherankan jika banyak sekali fotografer Jamur yang sengaja datang dari berbagai bagian negeri untuk dapat membuat fotonya. FUNGUS SYNDICATE adalah salah satu grup facebook yang merupakan sebuah wadah bagi fotografer jamur untuk berbagi foto-foto yang sangat indah dari jamur-jamur yang terdapat diseluruh negeri, bahkan dari berbagai negara di dunia.

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Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

Water hyacinth is a floating aquatic plant with the scientific name Eichhornia crassipes. The person who first discovered the species of water hyacinth was a botanist from Germany named Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.
Apart from being known as water hyacinth, this aquatic plant also has many names, according to its nickname in each country around the world. These aquatic plants can reproduce very quickly so that they are often considered as weeds that can damage the aquatic environment.

If not controlled, water hyacinths will completely cover the lake and lake; this dramatically affects water flow and blocks sunlight from reaching native aquatic plants which often die. The process of spoilage depletes dissolved oxygen in the water, often killing fish. Water hyacinth remains a major problem where an effective control program is not available.

This plant is very strong and able to adapt in almost any environment. Water hyacinth is able to adapt to changing extreme water conditions. Starting from the water level, the speed of the water flow, the amount of nutrients in the water, pH and temperature. Even water hyacinth can withstand various types of toxins and harmful chemicals contained in water.

Water hyacinth is also widely used as an ornamental plant in pots of water or in garden ponds because the flowers are beautiful with dominant purple flower color. The flowers include compound flowers, grain-shaped, tubular petals. In the tropics, water hyacinth flowers all year round.

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Eceng gondok adalah tanaman air yang hidup mengapung dengan nama ilmiah Eichhornia crassipes. Orang yang pertama kali menemukan spesies eceng gondok adalah seorang ahli botani dari Jerman bernama Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.
Selain dikenal dengan enceng gondok, tumbuhan air ini juga mempunyai banyak nama, sesuai dengan julukannya dinegara masing2 diseluruh dunia. Tumbuhan air ini dapat berkembangbiak dengan sangat cepat sehingga sering dianggap sebagai gulma yang bisa merusak tatanan lingkungan perairan.

Jika tidak dikendalikan, eceng gondok akan menutupi danau dan telaga seluruhnya; hal ini secara dramatis mempengaruhi aliran air dan menghalangi sinar matahari mencapai tanaman air asli yang sering mati. Proses pembusukan menghabiskan oksigen terlarut di dalam air, seringkali membunuh ikan. Eceng gondok tetap menjadi masalah utama di mana program pengendalian yang efektif tidak tersedia.

Tumbuhan ini sangat kuat dan mampu beradaptasi di hampir semua lingkungan. Eceng gondok mampu beradaptasi dengan perubahan kondisi air yang ekstrem. Mulai dari ketinggian air, kecepatan arus air, jumlah nutrisi di air, pH dan temperatur. Bahkan enceng gondok juga dapat bertahan dari berbagai jenis racun serta zat kimia berbahaya yang terkandung dalam air.

Eceng gondok juga banyak dijadikan sebagai tanaman hias dalam pot air atau di kolam2 taman karena bunganya yang indah dengan warna bunga dominan ungu. Bunganya termasuk bunga majemuk, berbentuk bulir, kelopaknya berbentuk tabung. Di daerah tropis, eceng gondok berbunga sepanjang tahun.

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The Caterpillar

Caterpillars are one of the creatures that are very different from other creatures in the world. it is an animal or something that is created as a larval stage of a member of the insect order consisting of butterflies and moths. Caterpillars have soft bodies that can grow rapidly before moulting into butterflies or moths. They vary in size. from 1 mm to 14 cm.

Most of the caterpillar species are herbivores (folivores), but not insectivores, not even cannibals. Some eat other animal products.

Pest caterpillars are usually voracious eaters and many of them are among the most serious eaters of agricultural crops, and are notorious for the damage they cause to leaves, fruit and other agricultural produce. However, many are useful, such as various species used as a source of silk, as food for humans or animals, or for controlling plant pests.

Many animals eat caterpillars because they are rich in protein. As a result, caterpillars have developed various means of self-defense, including defense against physical conditions such as cold, hot, or dry environmental conditions.

The general appearance of the caterpillar is often terrifying: certain markings and body parts can make it appear creepy or inedible. Some types of caterpillars are poisonous or disliked by other animals because of their bright colors. Many are faintly colored and resemble the plants they eat on.

More aggressive self-defense measures are used by some caterpillars, including having spiky hair or long fine hair such as setae with a detachable tip that is irritated by remaining on the skin or mucous membranes. These hairs are called urticating bristles. This poison is one of the most powerful defense chemicals, so it can cause human bleeding and death. Most urtic hairs have effects ranging from mild irritation to dermatitis.

Caterpillars obtain poison from their host plant which enables them to eat the leaves of these poisonous plants and store them in their bodies, making them highly toxic to predators. Some caterpillars regurgitate acidic digestive juices when attacking enemies. Many papilionid larvae produce an unpleasant odor from extrudable glands called osmeteria.

Who would have thought that this very beautiful creature came from a creature that was terrifying in appearance

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Ulat merupakan salahsatu mahluk  yang sangat berbeda dengan mahluk-mahluk lain di dunia. dia merupakan hewan atau sesuatu yang tercipta sebagai tahap larva dari anggota ordo serangga yang terdiri dari kupu-kupu dan ngengat. Ulat memiliki tubuh lunak yang dapat tumbuh dengan cepat sebelum mabung menjadi kupu-kupu atau moth. Ukurannya bervariasi. mulai dari 1 mm hingga 14 cm.

Sebagian besar spesies ulat adalah herbivora (folivora), tetapi tidak pemakan serangga, bahkan kanibal. Beberapa memakan produk hewani lainnya.

Ulat hama biasanya merupakan pemakan yang rakus dan banyak dari mereka termasuk pemakan tanaman-tanaman pertanian yang paling serius, dan terkenal karena kerusakan yang ditimbulkannya pada daun, buah-buahan dan hasil pertanian lainnya. Namun demikian tidak sedikit yang berguna, seperti berbagai spesies yang digunakan sebagai sumber sutera, sebagai makanan manusia atau hewan, atau untuk pengendalian hama tanaman.

Banyak hewan makan ulat karena kaya akan protein. Akibatnya, ulat telah mengembangkan berbagai alat pertahanan diri, termasuk pertahanan terhadap kondisi fisik seperti kondisi lingkungan yang dingin, panas, atau kering.

Penampilan ulat umumnya sering kali menakutkan: tanda dan bagian tubuh tertentu dapat membuatnya tampak menyeramkan  atau tidak dapat dimakan. Beberapa jenis ulat memang beracun atau tidak disukai hewan lain karena warnanya cerah. Banyak yang berwarna samar dan menyerupai tanaman tempat mereka makan.

Tindakan pertahanan diri yang lebih agresif dilakukan oleh beberapa ulat, termasuk memiliki bulu berduri atau rambut halus panjang seperti setae dengan ujung yang bisa dilepas yang akan mengiritasi dengan tetap berada di kulit atau selaput lendir. Bulu-bulu ini disebut bulu urticating. Racun ini merupakan salah satu bahan kimia pertahanan paling kuatsehingga dapat menyebabkan pendarahan pada manusia hingga kematian. Kebanyakan rambut urtik memiliki efek mulai dari iritasi ringan hingga dermatitis.   Ulat memperoleh racun dari tanaman inangnya yang memungkinkan mereka memakan daun tumbuhan beracun tersebut dan menyimpannya di dalam tubuh mereka, membuatnya sangat beracun bagi predator. Beberapa ulat memuntahkan cairan pencernaan asam saat menyerang musuh. Banyak larva papilionid menghasilkan bau tak sedap dari kelenjar yang dapat diekstrusi yang disebut osmeteria.

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The Commen blue butterfly

Butterfly experts call it the Commen blue butterfly. Although this species is not really blue, only the upper part of the wings is bluish. The overall size of Its body is slightly bigger than the coin of 200s rupiah currency.

Each butterfly lays hundreds of eggs and is spread on young shoots of adjacent plants which often become pests for our commercial crops or ornamental plants.
in 3 to 4 days it will take care of the eggs until they become caterpillars (larvae) then die. Meanwhile, the caterpillars will pupate immediately after hiding behind the base of the leaf stalks.

In less than one week, the cocoons have changed, giving birth to new butterflies almost simultaneously in 1 to 3 days.

In the morning they will come out of their cocoons and gather together to dry their wings in the morning sun. Once their wings are light enough to fly, the male and female butterfly will look for each other to mate with, then each will fly away from each other in search of new spawning grounds – new shoots.

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Setiap satu ekor bertelur ratusan butir dan disebar pada pucuk2 muda tanaman yang saling berdekatan yang seringkali menjadi hama bagi tanaman komersial atau tanaman hias kita.
dalam 3 s/d 4 hari dia akan mengasuh telur2 itu sampai jadi ulat (larva) kemudian dia akan mati. Sementara ulat-ulat itu akan segera menjadi kepompong setelah bersembunyi dibalik pangkal tangkai2 daun.

Kurang dari satu minggu lamanya, kepompong2 tersebut sudah berubah, melahirkan kupu-kupu baru hampir secara serempak dalam waktu 1 s/d 3 hari lamanya.

Pagi hari mereka akan keluar dari kepompongnya dan bergerombol berjemur mengeringkan sayap2nya dibawah sinar matahari pagi. Setelah sayapnya cukup ringan untuk terbang, mereka akan saling mencari pasangan untuk kawin, kemudian masing2 akan terbang saling menjauh satu dengan yang lainnya mencari tempat bertelur baru – pucuk-pucuk baru.

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SUNSET BEHIND THE COCONUT TREES

A day lasts twenty-four hours from sunset to sunset at the following moment.

 

There is always a beauty in every sunset

when you see the golden hour you have to feel what it conveys to you.

 

 

PINK FLOWERS

IF YOU LIKE PINK COLOR YOU ALSO LOVE “LOVE”

Magnolia flower

 

Cherry blossom

 

Cherry blossom

 

Lotus buds

 

Water Lily

 

 

 

 

 

THE SHADOW OF COCONUT TREE

The dark color of a coconut tree
Is a scary silence
I stared through the window in a dead midnight
Looking for comfort in the lonely darkness

The leaves are dark like a devil
Dark as black
Dark as hell
Spooky like the death knell

The birds are nowhere to be seen
with the dark sound of a dark night
And gusts of the wind is like a stream of water
Riding into the night and my dreams

 

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MEASURING THE DEPTH OF THE SEA

Gray clouds mirrored in the sea
asked me how it’s felt when I was left away
He thought the world of mine would collapse in the morning
But the call to prayer awakened me from a dream

A tidal wave was a blanket came across my mind
Telling me that I was left in silence
I thought he was just busy measuring the depth of the sea
Whereas the feeling of love was never touched

THE UNESCO GLOBAL GEOPARK INDONESIA AT A GLANCE

UNESCO Global Geopark Indonesia is located on the southern coast of the western part of Java, which includes Ciletuh and Pelabuhan Ratu in Sukabumi District, Indonesia. UNESCO’s Global Geopark is named after the name of the two regions, namely the Ciletuh river and the Port of the Ratu bay. Visitor can enjoy spectacular natural scenery with many waterfalls, beautiful beaches, hot springs, rivers, mountains, nature reserves, turtle conservation and so on, including the cultural life of the Sundanese people who inhabit the surrounding area.

This post shows you some beautiful beaches and some waterfalls that I have visited around Ciletuh-Pelabuhan Ratu Global Geopark.

Ci Kemang beach viewed from the Habibie peak in the great bay of Pelabuhan Ratu.

 

Karang Hawu Beach, the icon of the great bay of Pelabuhan Ratu, is famous for its large waves.

 

The horseshoe-shaped panorama of Ciletuh Bay is seen from Darma Peak, one of the highest plains in the Ciletuh Geopark region, which is 230 meters above sea level.

CURUG AWANG; Is one of the 9 curug in Ciletuh Geopark, and is the biggest waterfall located in Taman Jaya Village, Ciemas District. During dry season, this waterfall can be explored at both the top and bottom parts.

Cimarinjung waterfall is in the Cimarinjung River, Ciemas Village, close to Palangpang Beach  on the Ciletuh bay. By the local community, this waterfall is known as Curug Gong because at certain times the waterfall makes a sound like a gong.

This waterfalls has three names,  namely Twin waterfalls, Brides’ Waterfalls and Sodong (a narrow space between the surface of the water flow and below). This waterfall is a favorite tourist attraction for visitors because it is most easily accessable by four-wheeled vehicles to the parking lot located in front of the waterfall.

The Cikanteh waterfall is located not too far from the Twin Sodong Waterfall. However, to be able to reach this waterfall you have to do trekking that is draining to climb a steep trail and can be said to be very challenging. Cikanteh waterfall is the highest waterfall in the Ciletuh Geopark.

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THE RING OF FIRE

The ring of a solar eclipse returns to Earth on June 21, 2020. This phenomenon was seen in a number of regions of the world, including Asia. Congo, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Yemen, Oman, Pakistan, India, China, and the Pacific Ocean.

The ring of a solar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are precisely aligned. At that time, the observed disk of the Moon and the Earth were smaller than the disk of the Sun. When the peak of the eclipse, the Sun looks like a ring that is dark in the middle and bright on the edges. There are two kinds of moon shadows that are formed during the Ring Solar Eclipse, namely the antumbra and the penumbra.
In the Antumbra region, the observed eclipse will be a Ring Solar Eclipse. Whereas in areas affected by penumbra, the eclipse which was observed was in the form of a partial solar eclipse.

In Indonesia, the partial ring solar eclipse passed 432 city and district centers in 31 provinces. Magnitudes range from 0,000 on Java to 0.522 on North Sulawesi.

THE IMPACT OF THE SOLAR ECLIPSE
Although the solar eclipse looks amazing, it turns out there are some important impacts that affect the condition of the Earth as well as the health and behavior of other living things. Based on research, at that time the rotation and gravity of the earth experienced a momentary slowdown, tides, changes in the behavior of animals, especially nocturnal animals, and so forth. The momentary impact is not significant to the natural conditions on earth after an eclipse, everything will return to normal.

However, it is very important to know the impact on health, especially on humans – do not observe the solar eclipse with the naked eye. It is very dangerous which will be fatal to the vision and can cause permanent blindness.

 

Ina

Gerhana Matahari Cincin kembali menyapa penduduk Bumi pada 21 Juni 2020. Fenomena tersebut terlihat di sejumlah wilayah dunia, termasuk Asia, Kongo, Sudan Selatan, Ethiopia, Yaman, Oman, Pakistan, India, China, dan Samudera Pasifik.

Gerhana Matahari Cincin terjadi saat Matahari, Bulan, dan Bumi tepat segaris. Pada saat itu, piringan Bulan yang teramati dan Bumi lebih kecil dibanding piringan Matahari. Saat puncak gerhana, Matahari tampak seperti cincin yakni gelap di bagian tengahnya dan terang di pinggirnya. Terdapat dua macam bayangan Bulan yang terbentuk saat Gerhana Matahari Cincin yakni antumbra dan penumbra.
Di wilayah antumbra, gerhana yang teramati akan berupa Gerhana Matahari Cincin. Sedangkan di wilayah yang terkena penumbra, gerhana yang teramatinya berupa Gerhana Matahari Sebagian.

Di Indonesia, Gerhana Matahari Cincin Sebagian melewati 432 pusat kota dan kabupaten di 31 provinsi. Magnitudo terentang antara 0.000 di pulau Jawa  hingga 0,522 di bagian Sulawesi Utara.

DAMPAK GERHANA MATAHARI
Meskipun gerhana matahari terlihat menakjubkan, ternyata ada beberapa dampak-dampak penting yang mempengaruhi kondisi Bumi maupun kesehatan dan perilaku makhluk hidup lainnya. Berdasarkan penelitian, pada saat itu gerak rotasi dan gravitasi bumi mengalami perlambatan sesaat, pasang surut air laut, perubahan perilaku hewan terutama hewan2 nocturnal, dan lain sebagainya. Dampak sesaat ini tidak signifikan terhadap kondisi alam di bumi setelah terjadi gerhana semuanya akan kembali normal. Namun demikian yang sangat penting diketahui dampaknya terhadap kesehatan terutama terhadap manusia – jangan mengamati gerhana matahari dengan mata telanjang. Hal itu sangat berbahaya yang akan berakibat fatal terhadap penglihatan dan bisa menyebabkan kebutaan yang permanen.